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This study explores the use of piezoelectric micro pumps combined with control valves for microbial cell manipulation. By integrating the micropump with two three-port valves, a reversible and controlled flow was achieved through the timely actuation of relay switches. Experimental results demonstrated that at the pump's lowest setting (50 mW, 2.5 mbar), a volume of 0.029 ml was accurately aspirated and dispensed. This method effectively handles delicate biological samples, showcasing its potential for precise aspiration and dispensing in biomedical applications. It can be implemented for automated cell manupulation.

  This study introduces a novel bio-inspired  optimization technique called the “Indian Spotted Eagle  Algorithm (ISEA),” which enhances UAV path planning. The  algorithm incorporates Cubic Spline Interpolation to ensure  smooth and continuous paths, allowing UAVs to navigate  efficiently through challenging environments. The study  assesses the performance of ISEA in comparison with other  bio-inspired optimization techniques through simulations in  similar scenarios. The findings reveal that the proposed method  significantly surpasses other methods by reducing path length  by up to 37%. Additionally, the convergence results show that  ISEA is faster than the compared bio-inspired algorithms,  indicating its strong practical applicability.